Paulex | Diabetes

What is Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder with no known cure characterized by high blood sugar levels resulting from the body's inability to produce or effectively use insulin. It's a high burden disease, with lifelong complications and decreased life expectancy.

Infographic chart showing the difference of the healthy behabiour of the pancreas: normal insulin production and glucose is tightly controlled. Type 1 Diabetes: Insuficcient insulin production, cells can't use glucose for energy and high blood suguar levels. And Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin resistance exhausts beta cells which leads to partial loss of beta cell mass, low absortion and low production of insulin and imbalance leads to high blood sugar

What is Diabetes and What Causes It?

Dr. Miguel Sanjuan, Co-founder and CEO of Paulex Bio, breaks down the root causes of diabetes.

Global Impact

The World's Fastest Growing Chronic Disease

Diabetes is no longer just a health issue—it’s a global crisis. It has become the fastest-growing chronic disease in the world, and it is the most expensive chronic disease in the U.S. Over 38 million people in the U.S. and over 800 million worldwide have diabetes and one in five people don’t even know they have it. Today, diabetes causes more deaths than breast cancer and AIDS combined. Chances are you probably know somebody who has the disease.

Diabetes	United States	Global
Prevalence	~38.4M	~828M
Burden	~$413B	~$966B
People Using Insulin	~8.4M	~250M

American Diabetes Association. Annual costs of diabetes. Press release. 2023; Buse JB, Davies MJ, Frier BM, Philis-Tsimikas A. 100 years of insulin: Impact on clinical outcomes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2021; CDC. National Diabetes Statistics Report. 2024; Hayes TO, Barnhorst M. Understanding the insulin market. American Action Forum. 2020; Hossain MJ, Al-Mamun M, Islam MR. Diabetes mellitus: Early detection focus. Health Sci Rep. 2024; NCD-RisC. Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment, 1990–2022. Lancet. 2024;

Projected prevalence as % of adults with diabetes in the US

Percentage of adults

20%

17.5%

15%

12.5%

10%

7.5%

5%

2.5%

0%

9.1%

11.2%

13.9%

15.7%

16.8%

17.9%

2014

2020

2030

2040

2050

2060

https://www.statista.com/statistics/1070016/projected-us-adults-diabetes-prevalence/

Disease Burden

Diabetes Today Is
Managed, Not Cured

PAL-119 may offer insulin independence in individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, both at early and later stages of disease development.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D)	Type 2 diabetes (T2D)
Daily lifelong insulin injections and blood sugar monitoring	Daily oral medication or insulin injections, progressing to lifelong medical management
Risk of persistent, multiorgan complications	Higher risk of heart disease & stroke
Psychosocial challenges, diabetes distress	Significant dietary and lifestyle changes
Financial impacts	Financial impacts

Complications

Life expectancy is reduced in both types of diabetes by more than 10 years.

Long term medical complications include: Increased risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, blindness, neuropathy, stroke, lower limb amputation.

Acute medical complications include:: Low and high blood glucose levels and Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

A Daily Commitment

Medication or Insulin Therapy

Individuals with Type 1 diabetes require insulin therapy to regulate blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes management may include oral medications and/or insulin, depending on individual needs.

Balanced Nutrition

A balanced diet is crucial for managing blood glucose levels. The American Diabetes Association emphasizes the importance of meal planning, carbohydrate control, and portion sizes. American Diabetes Association

Physical Activity

Regular physical activity helps the body use insulin more effectively. The CDC recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week for adults with diabetes. CDC

Regular Monitoring of Blood Glucose

Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential for effective diabetes management. The CDC advises checking blood sugar levels at various times throughout the day, depending on individual treatment plans.

Routine Lab Tests (A1C, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol)

Regular lab tests, including the A1C test, help track average blood glucose levels over time. Managing A1C, blood pressure, and cholesterol is vital to prevent complications. CDC

Managing diabetes is crucial to reduce the risk of complications associated with the disease. It is complex, relentless, and lifelong—highlighting the need for new therapies that do more than just control symptoms.

Paulex’s ultimate goal is not just better management but lasting solutions to bring a functional cure to people with diabetes.

What is Diabetes

What is Diabetes and What Causes It?

What Drives Diabetes?

The World's Fastest Growing Chronic Disease

Diabetes Today Is
Managed, Not Cured